Mysterious TCM San Jiao (aka Triple Warmer, Triple Heater, Triple Energizer) Rules Mysterious Water Via Structured EZ Water 

 Why is Water Mysterious? How does Mysterious TCM San Jiao Rule Mysterious Water Via Structured EZ Water?

In the 2010 New Scientist article titled ‘The many mysteries of water’, authors David Robson and Michael Marshall (1) stated, ‘No liquid behaves quite as oddly as water. It exhibits a raft of unusual behaviours, many of which are essential for life as we know it. We list water’s peculiarities below’.

In The strangest liquid, they look at how a controversial new theory could finally explain water’s weird behaviour. The authors explain here how the theory could explain 10 of water’s behaviours – and then they take a quick look at its many other peculiarities.

Read more: Martin Chaplin of London South Bank University has posted a much more detailed and technical discussion of these anomalies.

Below, I have presented the entire brilliant work of Robson and Marshall (2) as it appeared in one of my favourite journals, New Scientist. They initially discuss 10 unusual properties of water where the tetrahedral structure of water molecules could account for its peculiarities. Then they discuss 11 Phase anomalies, 18 Density anomalies, 11 Material anomalies, 9 Thermodynamic anomalies, and 7 Physical anomalies. That’s 66 anomalous properties of the most abundant liquid on earth. 

Water certainly is a “mysterious” substance. Molecule-for-molecule water makes up 99% of our body. This gigantic number of molecules has to be controlled and regulated throughout the body. How is that possible? Has Western Medicine determined the organ responsible for such an enormous task? No! Incredibly, ancient traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) sages had determined the organ assigned the critical importance of ensuring moisturising life-sustaining water reached every cell in the entire body.

The honourable organ was personified as the legendary irrigation official named “Yu”. In Chinese culture highly-respected Yu personified the San Jiao hollow Fu organ as “the office of the sluices; it manifests as the waterways,” or “the official in charge of irrigation and it controls the water passages” throughout the entire body.

However, San Jiao is riddled with mystery and confusion, and to this day, many TCM practitioners relegate it to a virtual amalgamation of biological functions to fit the TCM 12 organ paradigm, whereas the other 11 organs are morphologically defined and subsequently accepted by western medicine. This leaves San Jiao as the supposedly formless leper, because in Difficult Issue 38 of the Nan Ching, it stated the Triple Burner aka San Jiao “has a name but no form”.

To stand up for the San Jiao ORGAN (aka Sanjiao, Triple Warmer, Triple Heater or Triple Energizer), and prove it is a real organ and does possess a unique morphology, I have written an original book committed to substantiating the existence of the San Jiao in the body. The comprehensive book titled The ‘Mystical’ TCM Triple Energizer. Its Elusive Location and Morphology Defined (1) is full of absorbing information that endorses the fact that ancient TCM practitioners truly believed the San Jiao was a very real organ that was given the extremely important responsibility of governing water processing and distribution throughout the entire human body. This enlightening easy-reading book is perfect for anyone wanting to know more about the actual morphology and location of the San Jiao, and the complexities of the water-regulating function of the “mysterious” TCM organ metasystem. Fairly recently, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has nominated to term San Jiao the “Triple Energizer”. Because of its extreme complexity, I prefer to call San Jiao the “Triple Energizer Metasystem”. This enlightening book can be securely purchased by clicking the ‘BUY NOW’ button at the bottom of this page.

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Water’s Mysteries Abound

Picturing water as a liquid that can form two types of structure, one tetrahedral and the other disordered, could explain many of its unusual properties. Here are 10 of them.

Water is most dense at 4 °C

EXPLANATION: Heating reduces the number of ordered, tetrahedral structures in favour of a more disordered arrangement in which molecules are more densely packed. However, the heat also agitates the molecules in the disordered regions, causing them to move further apart. Above 4 °C, this effect takes precedence, making the water less dense.

Water has an exceptionally high specific heat capacity: it takes a lot of heat energy to raise water’s temperature by a given amount

EXPLANATION: Much of the extra heat energy is used to convert more molecules from the tetrahedral structures to the disordered structures, rather than into increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules, and hence the temperature.

Specific heat capacity is at a minimum at 35 °C but increases as the temperature falls or rises, whereas the heat capacity of most other liquids rises continuously with temperature

EXPLANATION: Between 0 and 35 °C, increasing the temperature steadily removes regions of ordered, tetrahedral structure, reducing water’s ability to absorb heat. Above 35 °C, so few of the tetrahedral regions are left that water behaves like a regular liquid.

Water’s compressibility drops with increasing temperature until it reaches a minimum at 46 °C, whereas in most liquids, the compressibility rises continuously with temperature

EXPLANATION: As the temperature rises, the dense, disordered regions become more prevalent, and these are more difficult to compress. However, rising temperature also forces molecules within these regions further apart and hence makes them more compressible. This effect takes precedence beyond 46 °C.

Water is particularly difficult to compress

EXPLANATION: The strong attraction between water molecules keeps them more closely packed than the molecules of many other liquids.

This effect is particularly marked when the higher-density disordered structure dominates.

The speed of sound in water increases with temperature up to 74 °C, after which it starts to fall again

EXPLANATION: This is the result of the interplay between water’s unusual density and compressibility profiles, which directly stem from the changing balance between the two types of structure.

Water molecules diffuse more easily, not less easily, at higher pressures

EXPLANATION: High pressure converts more molecules to the disordered structure, in which they are more mobile.

Unlike many liquids, water becomes less viscous, not more viscous, at higher pressures

EXPLANATION: Molecules are freer to move when in the disordered structures, which are favoured at higher pressures, than when they are in the ordered, tetrahedral structure.

Increasing the pressure increases the amount by which water expands on heating

EXPLANATION: Rising temperature causes disordered regions to expand more rapidly than ordered, tetrahedral ones, and high pressure favours fluctuations to the disordered regions.

Properties such as viscosity, boiling point and melting point are significantly different in “heavy” water – made from the heavier hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium – compared with their equivalents in normal water

EXPLANATION: The heavier isotopes change the quantum mechanical properties of water molecules, altering the balance of the disordered and tetrahedral regions.

Phase anomalies

• Water has an unusually high melting/freezing point.
• Water has an unusually high boiling point.
• Water has an unusually high critical point. This is the temperature at which the distinct liquid and gas states cease to exist. Instead, there is only a supercritical fluid, which can diffuse through solids just like a gas but also dissolve things just like a liquid. Water’s critical point is at a temperature of 374 °C and a pressure of 217 atmospheres: above this temperature, it is a supercritical fluid.
• Solid water exists in a wider variety of stable (and metastable) crystal and amorphous structures than other materials.
• The thermal conductivity of ice falls with increasing pressure.
• The structure of liquid water changes at high pressure.
• Supercooled water – that is, water that has been cooled below its freezing point without it becoming a solid – behaves strangely. It has two phases and a second critical point at about -91°C.
• Liquid water is easy to supercool, but difficult to turn into a glass-like solid.
• Liquid water exists at very low temperatures and freezes on heating.
• Liquid water may be easily superheated: that is, heated to a temperature above its boiling point without it boiling.
• Hot water may freezefaster than cold water – the Mpemba effect.
• Warm water vibrates longer than cold water.

Density anomalies

• The density of ice increases on heating (up to a temperature of -203 °C). Normally, solids expand and become less dense when heated.
• Water shrinks on melting, when most substances expand.
• Pressure reduces ice’s melting point, when it normally increases it: pressure normally encourages a substance to become a solid.
• Liquid water has a high density that increases on heating (up to 3.984 °C). Heating a liquid normally causes it to expand, reducing its density.
• The surface of water is denser than the bulk. This may be because the density of the surface water does not vary with temperature as the density of the bulk does.
• Pressure reduces the temperature of maximum density.
• There is a minimum in the density of supercooled water.
• Water has a low thermal expansivity: for a given increase in temperature, it does not expand as much as it might be expected to.
• Water’s thermal expansivity decreases at low temperatures. Below 4 °C, it becomes negative – so if you heat water that is below this temperature, it will shrink.
• The number of nearest neighbours that each water molecule has increases on melting. Normally, because the molecules of a liquid are moving around so much more, any one molecule is likely to have fewer nearest neighbours than if it were part of a solid.
• The number of nearest neighbours increases with temperature. This happens because the increasing temperatures break down the hydrogen bond network holding the molecules in place, allowing them to move closer to each other.
• There is a maximum in the compressibility-temperature relationship, probably near the temperature at which the density is lowest.
• The speed of sound may show a minimum.
• High-frequency sounds travel as “fast sound”, because for these frequencies water behaves as if it is a glassy solid rather than a liquid. Water also shows a discontinuity at higher pressure, probably as a result of the water molecules rearranging themselves.
• Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-lattice relaxation time is very small at low temperatures. In other words, if the nuclei of the atoms making up water are excited to a higher energy level – for instance by a magnetic field – they return to their previous, lower energy level unusually fast.
• The NMR shift increases to a maximum at low (supercool) temperatures.
• The refractive index of water – that is, how much light is slowed down, and thus deflected, when it enters water – has a maximum value at just below 0 °C.
• The change in volume as liquid water changes to gas is unusually large.

Material anomalies

• No aqueous solution is ideal. In other words, there is no substance that can be dissolved in water without any heat being absorbed or released. This is because dissolving a substance in water always involves disrupting the clustering of the water molecules.
• The mean kinetic energy of water’s hydrogen atoms increases at low temperature.
• When different substances are dissolved in water, they have varying effects on properties such as density and viscosity.
• The solubilities of non-polar gases in water decrease with temperature to a minimum and then rise.
• The dielectric constant of water is high.
• The dielectric constant shows a temperature maximum.
• Proton and hydroxide ion mobilities are anomalously fast in an electric field. This may be because the protons can use quantum tunnelling to travel rapidly between neighbouring water molecules.
• The electrical conductivity of water rises to a maximum at about 230 °C.
• For weak acids in water, the acidity constants (a measure of the strength of the acid when dissolved) show temperature minima.
• X-ray diffraction shows an unusually detailed structure.
• Under high pressure, water molecules move further away from each other with increasing pressure.

Thermodynamic anomalies

• Water’s heat of fusion – the amount of heat energy that 1 mole of it must absorb to melt – is at a maximum at -17 °C.
• Liquid water has over twice the specific heat capacity of ice or steam. In other words, it takes almost twice as much energy to increase its temperature by the same amount.
• The specific heat capacity also has a maximum, at about -45 °C.
• The specific heat capacity has a minimum with respect to pressure.
• The heat capacity also has a maximum.
• Water’s heat of vaporization – the energy required to transform it from a liquid into a gas – is unusually high.
• Its heat of sublimation, the energy needed to change it from a solid directly into a gas – without becoming a liquid in between – is also unusually high.
• Water’s entropy of vaporization – the increase in disorder caused by changing it from a liquid to a gas – is high.
• The thermal conductivity of water is high and rises to a maximum at about 130 °C. In other words, energy is transferred unusually fast from regions of hot water to regions of cooler water, and this rate of transfer reaches a maximum at around 130 °C.

Physical anomalies

• Water is surprisingly viscous: although it is “thin”, it is surprisingly resistant to force.
• Water’s viscosity decreases with pressure at temperatures below 33 °C.
• At low temperatures, the self-diffusion of water increases as the density and pressure increase.
• The thermal diffusivity, water’s ability to adjust its temperature to that of the surroundings, rises with pressure until it reaches a maximum at a pressure of about 7900 atmospheres.
• Water has unusually high surface tension.
• Some salts exhibit the Jones-Ray effect when dissolved in water: when the salt is at a very low concentration, the surface tension of the water reaches a minimum.
• Some salts stop small bubbles from coalescing.

Yet Another Bizarre Property of Water Allows it to Freeze at its Boiling Point

In the 2016 article titled ‘MIT researchers successfully freeze water at its boiling point for 1^st time ever’, AccuWeather staff writer Michael Kuhne (2) reported that MIT’s Professor in Chemical Engineering Michael Strano and his team of researchers “utilized single carbon nanotubes to trap water molecules, distorting the substance’s change between solid, liquid and gas states”. Kuhne further stated:

Because of water’s unique properties, the technique could be vital for the development of “ice” wires, which provide stable conductors of electricity already in the configuration needed for use in electronics.

Even understanding the exact mechanism of how the water enters the tiny carbon nanotubes remains a mystery, Strano said, adding that they were thought to be hydrophobic . Strano and the team’s research marks the first occurrence where water has been confined to a single carbon nanotube.

The carbon nanotubes used in the study, which are opened at both ends like a drinking straw, measured between 1 and 2 nanometers. The interior space of each nanotube was so small it allowed for the confinement of only 8 to 10 water molecules, Strano said.

Water is Certainly a Mysterious Molecule

Well, how is that for complexity! 67 anomalies of water and that’s not all of them. Most ill-informed individuals are oblivious to the complexity of water in general, let alone how it is utilized as the hydroelectric energizer of the body. In my book I explain how EZ Water is the hydroelectric energy source for every cell and function throughout the body. EZ Water is the brain-child of Professor Gerald Pollack (3), pictured above. Pollack’s revolutionary thinking and scientific findings inspired my book. I discuss his work further here and here on my website.

REFERENCES:

(1) Robson, D. and  Marshall, M., ‘The many mysteries of water’. (Feb 2010). Available from <https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18473-the-many-mysteries-of-water/>

(2) Kuhne, M., ‘MIT researchers successfully freeze water at its boiling point for 1^st time ever’. (Dec 2016). Available from <http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/carbon-nanotubes-help-mit-researchers-successfully-freeze-water-at-its-boiling-point/70000255>

(3) Pollack, G., The Fourth Phase of Water: Beyond Solid, Liquid, and Vapor (Kindle edition, Seattle: Ebner and Sons Publishers, 2014).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

I wish to sincerely thank Dr Paul U. Unschuld for the selfless and tireless work he has committed to make many ancient Chinese medical classics available in English for study and research. My book is based predominantly around his scholarly work ‘Nan-Ching: The Classic of Difficult Issues’. I also wish to sincerely thank Professor Unschuld for permission to use citations of his translation in my book. His translation of ‘Nan-Ching: The Classic of Difficult Issues’ can be purchased from the following link: https://www.amazon.com/Nan-ching_The-Classic-Difficult-Comparative-Studies/dp/0520053729

To Securely Purchase the Book, Click the ‘BUY NOW’ Button!